• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    patent method: "method for end-to-end laser welding of one or more working metal parts using an additional wire". The present patent application relates to a method for laser welding of one or more parts to be worked (1,2) from compression-hardened steel, especially manganese-boron steel, in the butt joint process in which the workpiece or workpieces (1,2) have a minimum thickness of (1.8 mm) and / or the butt joint (3) is formed by a thickness jump (d) of at least (0.4 mm) and in which laser welding means by introducing additional wire (10) into the fusion bath (8) produced with a laser beam (6). To ensure that in hot deformation (compression quenching) the weld seam allows it to be tempered in a martensitic structure, this patent application provides that the additional wire (10) contains at least one manganese group alloy element, chromium, molybdenum , cilium and / or nickel which favors the formation of austenite in the fusion bath (8) produced by the laser beam (6), and at least this alloying element is present with a mass portion of at least 0.1 % by weight of the additional wire (10) than of the hardened steel by compression of the workpiece or workpieces (1,2).
    公开号:BR112015011409B1
    申请号:R112015011409-1
    申请日:2013-08-02
    公开日:2019-07-16
    发明作者:Arndt Breuer；Max Brandt；Dietmar Schaftinger
    申请人:Wisco Tailored Blanks Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Descriptive Report of the Invention Patent for METHOD FOR LASER WELDING OF ONE OR SEVERAL PARTS TO WORK.
    [001] The present invention relates to the method for laser welding of one or more workpieces, of press hardening material, especially manganese-boron steel, in the end-to-end process, in which one or more parts to be they are worked with a minimum thickness of 1.8 mm and / or in the joint from end to end there is a difference in thickness of at least 0.4 mm, and in which laser welding means by inserting filler wire in the fusion produced with the laser beam.
    [002] Steel sheet work pieces, strung to measure (the so-called “Tailored blanks”) are used in the construction of automobiles in order to meet high requirements regarding collision safety with the lowest possible body weight. For this purpose, different workpieces or straps of varying material quality and / or sheet thickness are joined in the end-to-end process by laser welding. In this way, different points of the ready-made body component may be suitable for different loads. Thus, at points with a high load, thicker or more resistant steel sheets may be used, and at other points thinner sheets or relatively smooth deep-drawing strips may also be used. With these cut-to-size sheet metal workpieces, additional reinforcement components in the body are unnecessary. This procedure saves material and makes it possible to reduce the total body weight.
    [003] In recent years, boron alloy steels have been developed, especially manganese-boron steels which, in the heat transformation, with rapid cooling, achieve high strengths due to
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 5/21
    2/10 example, tensile strengths in the 1500 to 2000 MPa range. In the original state, manganese-boron steels typically have a ferritic-pearlitic structure and have a strength of around 600 MPa. Through compression tempering, that is, heating to the austenitizing temperature and subsequent rapid cooling in the molding prey, a martensitic structure can be adjusted in any way, so that the steels thus treated can achieve tensile strengths in the range of 1500 to 2000 MPa.
    [004] The body components, for example, B-columns, produced from these steel workpieces cut to size, have up to a certain thickness of the plate, that is, a certain thickness jump, a perfect tempering path. It was verified that in the case of a plate thickness greater than / equal to approximately 1.8 mm, especially greater / equal to approximately 2.0 mm, that is, a jump of thickness greater than / equal to approximately 0.4 mm , the problem arises that the weld bead in the heat deformation (tempering under compression) does not harden sufficiently. In the area of the weld bead, then a martensitic structure will only partially result, so that when applying loads on the finished component, a failure in the weld bead may appear. Supposedly this problem is linked to the fact that, especially in the case of a thick heel, normally sufficient contact with the deformation tool cannot be guaranteed, ie the cooling tool, and therefore the weld bead cannot be totally transferred and martensite.
    [005] US 2008/0011720 A1 describes a hybrid arc-laser welding process in which manganese-boron steel workpieces with a surface layer containing aluminum are joined end to end, the radius of which is laser is combined at least with the electric arc in order to melt the metal in the joint end to end
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 6/21
    3/10 and weld the workpieces together. The electric arc is produced using a wolfranium-welding electrode or is formed using a MIG torch at the tip of the filler wire. The filler wire may contain elements (for example, Mn, Ni and Cu) that induce the transformation of steel into an austenitic structure, favoring the maintenance of the austenitic transformation in the melting bath.
    [006] With this well-known hybrid welding process with laser arc welding, it must be achieved that heat-deformable workpieces made of manganese-boron steel, which has a coating on the aluminum-cilicio base, can be welded without previous removal of the material of coating, in the region of the weld bead to be produced, but even so, it must be ensured that on the top edges of the workpieces the aluminum there does not reduce the component's tensile strength within the weld bead. By predicting an electric arc behind the laser beam, the fusion bath should be homogenized and, with this, localized aluminum concentrations, greater than 1.2% by weight, that produce a ferritic structure should be eliminated.
    [007] This well-known hybrid welding process, with respect to energy consumption, due to the generation of the electric arc, is relatively expensive.
    [008] The purpose of the present invention is to indicate a laser welding method with which parts to be worked, of temperable steel under pressure, especially manganese-boron steel with a minimum thickness of 1.8 mm is / or in which a minimum thickness jump of 0.4 mm appears in the butt-to-butt joint, being configured in the butt-to-butt process whose weld bead, in thermal deformation (tempering under compression) safely allows a
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 7/21
    4/10 pear in a martensitic structure. In addition, the method should stand out for its high productivity, as well as its relatively low energy consumption.
    [009] To solve this task, a method with the characteristics of the invention is proposed. Preferred and advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are indicated in the embodiments.
    [0010] The method according to the invention is for laser welding of one or more parts to be worked, of temperable steel under compression, especially manganese-boron steel, end-to-end process, in which one or more parts at work have a minimum thickness of 1.8 mm, especially at least 2.0 mm and / or a minimum thickness jump of 0.4 mm is formed at the top-to-end joint. In this procedure, laser welding means by inserting filler wire in the melting bath, produced with a laser beam. In addition, the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the filler wire contains at least one alloying element in the group that includes manganese, chromium, molybdenum, cilicio and / or nickel, an element that favors the formation of austenite in the melting bath produced with the laser beam, at least this alloying element is present in the filler wire with a mass portion at least 0.1% by weight greater than in the hardened steel by pressing the part or of the parts to be worked.
    [0011] The parts produced, that is, the workpieces cut to size according to the invention, with respect to thermal deformation (compression tempering) have a larger process window within which sufficient quenching of the component is achieved, especially also on your weld bead.
    [0012] The method according to the invention can be used not only in the joining of several pieces of steel work, of quality
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 8/21
    5/10 of differentiated material and / or plate thickness, in the end-to-end process, but, for example, it can also be used in laser welding of a single steel plate in the form of plate or brace, in which case lastly mentioned the edges to be welded together of the workpiece, by means of deformation, for example, and by the conformation of a chamfer or scroll they are moved in a direction of reciprocal approach so that they are finally present in the joint end to end facing one in relation to the other.
    [0013] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the part or parts to be worked on are chosen in the sense that their steel has the following composition: 0.10 to 0.50% by weight C, max. 0.40 by weight Si, 0.50 to 2.00% by weight Mn, max. 0.025% by weight P, max. 0.010% by weight S, max. 0.60% by weight Cr, max. 0.50% by weight Mo, max. 0.050% by weight Pi, 0.0008 to 0.0070% by weight B and min. 0.010% by weight Al, Fe remaining in unavoidable impurities. The components produced from steel of this species, after a hardening process under compression, have a relatively high tensile strength.
    [0014] Particularly preferred in the method according to the invention are parts to be worked in the form of workpieces or straps, made of press-hardened steel and which, after compression tempering, have a resistance in the range 1500 to 2000 MPa.
    [0015] Another modality of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the filler wire used there has the following composition: 0.05 to 0.15% by weight C, 0.5 to 2.0% by weight Si, 1.0 to 2.5% by weight Mn, 0.5 to 2.0% by weight + Mo and 1.0 to 4.0% by weight of Mi, remaining Fe and unavoidable impurities. Tests have shown that with a filler wire of this kind, using the method according to the invention, it can be
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 9/21
    6/10 produced, in an especially reliable way, a complete transformation of the weld wire into a martensitic structure in the subsequent compression tempering process.
    [0016] According to another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the filler wire used has a carbon-mass portion less than 0.1% by weight less than steel, temperable under compression, of the workpiece or the parts to be worked. By means of a relatively low carbon content of the filler wire, weakening of the weld bead can be avoided. Especially, with a relatively low carbon content of the filler wire, good residual ductility can be achieved in the weld bead.
    [0017] Another advantageous embodiment of the method of the invention is to provide that the filler wire is conducted to the melt bath in a heated state. This way, a process speed can be achieved, that is, greater productivity. It so happens that in this mode, not so much energy is used with the laser beam to melt the filler wire. Preferably, before its integration in the melting bath, the filler wire will be heated to a minimum temperature of 50 ° C, at least in a longitudinal section.
    [0018] To avoid weakening the weld bead, another preferred embodiment of the method of the invention provides that during laser welding, the weld bath is subjected to protective gas (inert gas). Especially preferred will be used as protective gas pure argon, helium, nitrogen or its mixture or a mixture of argon, helium, nitrogen and / or carbon dioxide and / or oxygen.
    [0019] To reduce the formation of a layer of scale on steel straps, that is, on steel sheets, these commonly receive a coating on the base of aluminum or aluminum-cilicio. The method according to the invention can also be used with the use
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 10/21
    7/10 of these reversed steel workpieces or steel straps. Steel workpieces or non-reversed steel straps may also be welded reciprocally according to the method of the invention. According to another advantageous embodiment of the method of the invention, the coating on the base of aluminum or aluminum-cilicio may be removed before laser welding in the marginal region along the edges of the end to end to be reciprocally welded. This can be done at least by a beam of energy, preferably a laser beam. A mechanical coating removal, that is, with high frequency (HF) can also be imagined. In this way, damage to the weld bead caused by another coating material introduced there unintentionally can be safely suppressed and that in heat deformation (tempering under compression) could or could result in fragmentation in the tempering path.
    [0020] Next, the invention will be explained in more detail on the basis of execution examples, shown in the drawing. The figures show schematically:
    [0021] Fig. 1 - Perspective view of parts of a device for carrying out the laser welding method according to the invention, with two workpieces made of compression-hardenable steel, essentially identical in thickness, are reciprocally welded in the end-to-end method; and [0022] Fig. 2 - a perspective view of parts of a device for carrying out the laser welding method according to the invention, where two steel workpieces, which are temperable by compression, thick are being welded here different, in the end-to-end process.
    [0023] FIG. 1 schematically shows a device with which a laser welding process according to the invention can be carried out. The device has a base (not shown) on the
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 11/21
    8/10 which are end to end two strips or work pieces 1,2 of quality steel of differentiated material, in obtuse form, along the joint end to end 3. For example, a work piece 1 or 2 has a relatively soft deep drawing quality, while the other workpiece 2, ie 1, consists of steel sheet of greater strength. At least one of the workpieces 1,2 is produced from temperable steel under compression, for example, from manganese-boron steel.
    [0024] Essentially the 1,2 pieces have identical thickness. Its thickness is at least 1.8 mm, for example, at least 2.0 mm.
    [0025] Above the parts to be worked 1,2, a section of a laser welding head 4 is outlined, which has an optics (not shown) for adding a laser beam, as well as a focusing lens 5 for the laser beam 6. In addition, a line 7 for the addition of protective gas is mounted on the laser welding head 4. The mouth of the protective gas line 7 is directed essentially towards the area of focus of the laser beam 6, that is, the fusion bath 8, produced by the laser beam 6. As a protective gas, preferably pure argon or, for example, a mixture argon, helium and / or carbon dioxide. In addition to the laser welding head 4, a wire adductor assembly 9 is allocated, by means of which a special additional material in the form of a wire 10 which is also fused by the laser beam 6, is fed to the melting bath 8. The filler wire 10 will be fed into the melting bath 8 in a heated state. For this purpose, the wire adductor assembly 9 is equipped with at least one heating element (not shown), for example, a heating spiral that surrounds the wire 10. With the heating element, the filling wire 10 will preferably be heated to a minimum temperature of 50 ° C, especially preferred at least 90 ° C.
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 12/21
    9/10 [0026] The execution example shown in fig. 2 differs from the execution example in figure 1 in that the workpieces 1,2 'are of varying thickness, so that a minimum thickness of 0.4 mm will be present in the joint from end to end 3. For example, the workpiece 2 'has a plate thickness ranging from 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm, while the other workpiece 1 has a plate thickness ranging from 1.6 mm to 2, 5 mm. In addition, the workpieces 1,2 'to be joined in the butt joint 3 can also differ in the quality of their material. For example, the thickest workpiece 1 is produced from a steel sheet with greater strength, whereas the thinner 2 'steel workpiece has a relatively smooth deep drawing quality.
    [0027] Press hardening steel, which consists of at least one of the workpieces 1,2, that is, 2 ', to be interconnected in the butt joint 3, can for example have the following chemical composition:
    [0028] max. 0.45% by weight C, [0029] max. 0.40% by weight Si, [0030] max. 2.0% by weight Mn, [0031] max. 0.025% by weight P, [0032] max. 0.010% by weight S, [0033] max. 0.8% by weight Cr + Mo, [0034] max 0.05% by weight Ti, [0035] max 0.0050% by weight B, and [0036] min. 0.010% by weight Al, Fe remainder and unavoidable impurities. [0037] When the workpieces, that is, the 1.2 and / or 2 'steel workpieces have an aluminum coating, especially an Al-Si coating, the coating may be roughened or partially removed in the marginal area along the butt joints to be reciprocally welded, this removal being done
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 13/21
    10/10 before laser welding. If necessary, aluminum cladding material adhering to the top edges, that is, to the cutting edges 3, will also be removed. The thinning (removal) of the aluminum coating material can preferably be done at least by means of a laser beam.
    [0038] The used filler wire 10 has, for example, the following chemical composition:
    [0039] 0.1% by weight C, [0040] 0.8% by weight Si, [0041] 1.8% by weight Mn, [0042] 0.35% by weight Cr, [0043] 0.6 % by weight Mo, and [0044] 2.25% by weight Ni, [0045] Remaining Fe and unavoidable impurities.
    [0046] In this case, the manganese content of the filler wire 10 is always greater than the manganese content of the workpieces 1,2, that is, 2 ', which can be hardened by compression. Preferably, the manganese content of the filler wire 10 is about 0.2% by weight greater than the manganese content of the workpieces 1,2; 2 'temperable by compression. It is also advantageous that the molybdenum chromium content of the filler wire 10 is also higher than in the workpieces 1,2, that is, 2 ', which can be hardened under compression. Preferably, the combined chromium-molybdenum content of the filler wire 10 is about 2.2% by weight greater than the combined chromium-molybdenum content of the workpieces 1,2, that is 2 ', compressable. The nickel content of the filler wire 10 will preferably be in the range of 1 to 4% by weight. In addition, the filler wire 10 preferably has a lower carbon content than the press-hardened steel of the workpieces 1,2, that is, 2 '.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. Method for laser welding of one or more workpieces, of press-hardened steel, especially manganese-boron steel, in a butt-to-butt joint, in which the workpiece, or the workpieces (1 , 2; 1,2 ') have a thickness of at least 1.8 mm and / or at the end-to-end joint a jump of thickness (d) of at least 0.4 mm is formed, characterized by the fact that welding laser is verified by feeding the filler wire (10) into the melting bath (8), produced exclusively with a laser beam (6), and the filler wire (10) has at least one alloying element of the group comprising manganese, chromium, molybdenum, silicon and / or nickel, whose element favors the formation of austenite in the fusion bath (8) formed with the laser beam (6), with this at least one alloy element present in the wire filler (10) in a mass portion of at least 0.1% by weight higher than in press hardened steel part or workpiece (1,2; 1,2 '), with the filler wire (10) having a proportion of carbon mass which is at least 0.1% less than the press-hardened steel of the workpiece or workpieces (1,2; 1,2 '), the workpiece or the workpieces (1,2; 1,2') used are free of coating or, before laser welding, the coating is partially removed by thinning the coating in the marginal area, along the top edges to be welded, and the steel of the part or parts to be worked (1,2; 1,2 ') has the following composition:
    0.10 - 050% by weight C, max. 0.40% by weight Si,
    0.50 - 2.00% by weight Mn, max. 0.025% by weight P, max. 0.010% by weight S,
    Petition 870190040651, of 04/30/2019, p. 15/21
    [2]
    2/2 max. 0.60% by weight Cr, max. 0.50% by weight Mo, max. 0.050% by weight Ti,
    0.0008 - 0.0070% by weight B and min., 0.010% by weight Al, remaining Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the filler wire (10) has the following composition:
    0.05 - 0.15% by weight C,
    0.5 - 2.0% by weight Si,
    1.0 - 2.5% Mn,
    0.5 - 2.0% by weight Cr + Mo e
    1.0 - 4.0% by weight of Ni, remaining Fe and unavoidable impurities.
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the filler wire (10) is conducted in a heated state to the melting bath (8).
    [3]
    Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the filler wire (10), before being added to the melting bath (8), is heated in at least one longitudinal segment to a minimum temperature of 50 ° C .
    [4]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the melting bath (8), during laser welding, is subjected with protective gas.
    [5]
    5. Method according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that as a protective gas, pure argon or a mixture of argon and carbon dioxide is used.
    [6]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the part or parts, partially free of coating (1,2; 1,2 '), have a surface layer on the basis of aluminum or aluminum-silicon.
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-04-02| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2019-06-04| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2019-07-16| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 02/08/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 02/08/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102012111118.9A|DE102012111118B3|2012-11-19|2012-11-19|Method of laser welding one or more hardenable steel workpieces in the butt joint|
    DE102012111118.9|2012-11-19|
    PCT/EP2013/066274|WO2014075824A1|2012-11-19|2013-08-02|Method for laser welding one or more workpieces of hardenable steel with a butt joint using a filler wire|
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